Idiom

This is the list of idiom



IDIOM= An idiom is a natural manner of speaking to a native speaker of a language
a


A Bird In The Hand Is Worth Two In The Bush: 
Having something that is certain is much better than taking a risk for more, because chances are you might lose everything.

A Blessing In Disguise: 
Something good that isn't recognized at first.

A Chip On Your Shoulder: 
Being upset for something that happened in the past.

A Dime A Dozen: 
Anything that is common and easy to get.

A Doubting Thomas: 
A skeptic who needs physical or personal evidence in order to believe something.

A Drop in the Bucket: 
A very small part of something big or whole.

A Fool And His Money Are Easily Parted: 
It's easy for a foolish person to lose his/her money.

A House Divided Against Itself Cannot Stand: 
Everyone involved must unify and function together or it will not work out.

A Leopard Can't Change His Spots: 
You cannot change who you are.

A Penny Saved Is A Penny Earned: 
By not spending money, you are saving money (little by little).

A Picture Paints a Thousand Words: 
A visual presentation is far more descriptive than words.

A Piece of Cake: 
A task that can be accomplished very easily.

A Slap on the Wrist: 
A very mild punishment.

A Taste Of Your Own Medicine: 
When you are mistreated the same way you mistreat others.

A Toss-Up: 
A result that is still unclear and can go either way.

Actions Speak Louder Than Words: 
It's better to actually do something than just talk about it.

Add Fuel To The Fire: 
Whenever something is done to make a bad situation even worse than it is.

Against The Clock: 
Rushed and short on time.

All Bark And No Bite: 
When someone is threatening and/or aggressive but not willing to engage in a fight.

All Greek to me: 
Meaningless and incomprehensible like someone who cannot read, speak, or understand any of the Greek language would be.

All In The Same Boat: 
When everyone is facing the same challenges.

An Arm And A Leg: 
Very expensive. A large amount of money.

An Axe To Grind: 
To have a dispute with someone.

Apple of My Eye: 
Someone who is cherished above all others.

As High As A Kite: 
Anything that is high up in the sky.

At The Drop Of A Hat: 
Willing to do something immediately.


B

Back Seat Driver: 
People who criticize from the sidelines, much like someone giving unwanted advice from the back seat of a vehicle to the driver.

Back To Square One: 
Having to start all over again.

Back To The Drawing Board: 
When an attempt fails and it's time to start all over.

Baker's Dozen: 
Thirteen.

Barking Up The Wrong Tree: 
A mistake made in something you are trying to achieve.

Beat A Dead Horse: 
To force an issue that has already ended.

Beating Around The Bush: 
Avoiding the main topic. Not speaking directly about the issue.

Bend Over Backwards: 
Do whatever it takes to help. Willing to do anything.

Between A Rock And A Hard Place: 
Stuck between two very bad options.

Bite Off More Than You Can Chew: 
To take on a task that is way to big.

Bite Your Tongue: 
To avoid talking.

Blood Is Thicker Than Water: 
The family bond is closer than anything else.

Blue Moon: 
A rare event or occurance.

Break A Leg: 
A superstitious way to say 'good luck' without saying 'good luck', but rather the opposite.

Buy A Lemon: 
To purchase a vehicle that constantly gives problems or stops running after you drive it away.

What Is In Teenagers' Hearts???!!!

 Nowdays, people keep talking about edward, bella and jacob... do you guys know who are they???

Twilight

Bella Swan moves from Phoenix, Arizona to live with her father in Forks, Washington to allow her mother to travel with her new husband, a minor league baseball player. After moving to Forks, Bella finds herself involuntarily drawn to a mysterious, handsome boy, Edward Cullen. She eventually learns that he is a member of a vampire family who drinks animal blood rather than human blood. Edward and Bella fall in love, but James, a sadistic vampire from another vampire coven, is drawn to hunt down Bella. Edward and the other Cullens defend Bella. She escapes to Phoenix, Arizona, where she is tricked into confronting James, who tries to kill her. She is seriously wounded, but Edward rescues her and they return to Forks, having killed James.

New Moon

Edward and his family leave Forks because he believes he is endangering Bella's life. Bella falls into a deep depression, until she develops a strong friendship with Jacob Black, who she discovers can shape-shift into a wolf. Jacob and the other wolves in his tribe must protect her from Victoria, a vampire seeking to avenge the death of her mate James, by killing Bella. A misunderstanding occurs, and Edward believes Bella is dead. Edward decides to commit suicide in Volterra, Italy, but he is stopped by Bella, who is accompanied by Edward's sister, Alice. They meet with the Volturi, a powerful vampire coven, and are released only on the condition that Bella be turned into a vampire in the near future. Bella and Edward are reunited, and she and the Cullens return to Forks.

Eclipse

The vampire Victoria (James' mate from Twilight) has created an army of "newborn" vampires to battle the Cullen family and murder Bella for revenge. Meanwhile, Bella is compelled to choose between her relationship with Edward and her friendship with Jacob. Edward's vampire family and Jacob's werewolf pack join forces to successfully destroy Victoria and her vampire army. In the end, Bella chooses Edward's love over Jacob's and agrees to marry him.

Breaking Dawn

Bella and Edward are married, but their honeymoon is cut short when Bella discovers that she is pregnant. Her pregnancy progresses rapidly, severely weakening her. She nearly dies giving birth to her and Edward's half-vampire-half-human daughter, Renesmee, but Edward injects Bella with his venom to save her life and turns her into a vampire. A vampire from another coven sees Renesmee and mistakes her for an "immortal child". She informs the Volturi, as the existence of such beings violates vampire law. The Cullens gather vampire witnesses who can verify that Renesmee is not an immortal child. After an intense confrontation, the Cullens and their witnesses convince the Volturi that the child poses no danger to vampires or their secret, and they are left in peace by the Volturi.

Main characters

• Isabella "Bella" Swan – The protagonist of the series, teenager Bella is a perpetually clumsy "danger magnet" with dark brown hair and brown eyes. She is often portrayed as having low self-esteem and unable to comprehend Edward's love for her. She has an immunity to supernatural abilities involving the mind, such as Edward's mind-reading ability. After her transformation into a vampire in the saga's fourth installment, Bella acquires the ability to shield both herself and others from "mental harm" from other vampires.
• Edward Cullen – Edward is a vampire who lives with a coven of like-minded vampires known as the Cullen family, who feed on animals rather than humans. Over the course of the Twilight series, Edward falls in love with, marries, and then has a child with Bella. At first, Edward feels a mutual hatred toward Jacob Black because of his love for Bella, but in Breaking Dawn, he comes to see Jacob as a brother and friend. Like some vampires, Edward has a supernatural ability: mind reading. It allows him to read anyone's thoughts within a few miles radius. Bella is immune to his power as a human, but learns how to lower this "shield" after her transformation to a vampire.
• Jacob Black – A minor character in the first novel, Jacob is introduced as a member of the Quileute tribe. He resurfaces in New Moon with a much larger role as Bella's best friend as she struggles through her depression over losing Edward. Although he is in love with Bella, she initially sees him as just her best friend. He and other tribe members can shape shift into wolves. In Eclipse Bella realizes that she loves Jacob, though her feelings for him are overpowered by her love for Edward Cullen. In Breaking Dawn, Jacob finds a soulmate in Bella and Edward's baby daughter, Renesmee, ridding him of his heartache for Bella.

Asal-Usul Nama Malaysia

 MALAYSIA, negaraku

Nama Malaysia diguna pakaikan pada tahun 1963 apabila negeri-negeri Persekutuan Tanah Melayu sertaSingapura, Borneo Utara (Sabah) dan Sarawak membentuk persekutuan baru. Sebelum ini nama Malaysia juga pernah digunakan untuk memaksudkan beberapa kawasan di Asia Tenggara dengan sewenang-wenangnya. Sehelai peta yang diterbitkan di Chicago pada tahun 1914 tertera perkataan Malaysia yang memaksudkan beberapa wilayah tertentu di dalam Kepulauan Melayu. Bahagian semenanjung memakai nama Persekutuan Tanah Melayu hingga tahun 1963, sewaktu pergabungannya dengan wilayah-wilayah Sabah,Sarawak dan Singapura. Para ahli politik di Filipina pernah bercadang agar negara mereka diberi nama "Malaysia", tetapi tidak sempat berbuat demikian apabila Malaysia merampas nama itu. Ketika itu, nama-nama lain juga dipertimbangkan, antaranya Langkasuka, sempena kerajaan purba yang terletak di kawasanutara Semenanjung Tanah Melayu pada alaf pertama Masihi.

Perkataan Melayu berasal daripada perkataan malaiur atau malayadvipa dalam bahasa Sanskrit yang mungkin membawa erti "tanah bergunung"; perkataan tersebut digunakan oleh para saudagar India sebagai gelaran untuk Semenanjung Tanah Melayu.

Pada tahun 1850, seorang ahli ethnologi Inggeris, George Samuel Windsor Earl mencadangkan agar kepulauan Indonesia dinamakan Melayunesia atauIndunesia ketika mengarang Journal of the Indian Archipelago and Eastern Asia (Jurnal Kepulauan Hindia dan Asia Timur). Beliau menggemariMelayunesia demi kemudahan pihak kolonial. Berikutan ekspedisinya di Oceania pada tahun 1826, pelayar Perancis, Jules Dumont d'Urville mencipta istilah Malaysia, Micronesia dan Melanesia untuk membezakan budaya dan gugusan pulau Pasifik daripada istilah Polynesia yang sedia ada. Pada tahun 1831, beliau mengusulkan istilah-istilahnya kepada Société de Géographie (Persatuan Geografi). Dumont d'Urville menyifatkan Malaysia sebagai "kawasan yang lebih dikenali sebagai Hindia Timur". Ketika itu, adalah dipercayai bahawa kesemua penduduk kawasan berkenaan boleh dipanggil "orang Melayu" sama sekali, selaras dengan konsep kaum Melayu ketika itu, yang bertentangan dengan takrifan masa kini yang memerikan "Melayu" sebagai kelompok etnik yang seragam budayanya, bertutur bahasa Melayu dan tinggal di pantai timur Sumatera, Kepulauan Riau, Semenanjung Tanah Melayu dan pesisiran pulau Borneo. Istilah "Dunia Melayu" pula digunakan sebagai gelaran kepada keempat-empat kawasan tersebut pada keseluruhannya iaitu bersinonim dengan Nusantara.

Negeri

Berikut adalah tiga belas negeri dan ibu negeri masing-masing (dalam kurungan):

1.  Johor Darul Takzim (Johor Bahru)
2.  Kedah Darul Aman (Alor Setar)
3.  Kelantan Darul Naim (Kota Bharu)
4.  Melaka Bandaraya Bersejarah (Bandar Melaka)
5.  Negeri Sembilan Darul Khusus (Seremban)
6.  Pahang Darul Makmur (Kuantan)
7.  Perak Darul Ridzuan (Ipoh)
8.  Perlis Indera Kayangan (Kangar)
9.  Pulau Pinang Pulau Mutiara (Georgetown)
10.  Sabah Negeri Di Bawah Bayu (Kota Kinabalu)
11.  Sarawak Bumi Kenyalang (Kuching)
12.  Selangor Darul Ehsan (Shah Alam)
13.  Terengganu Darul Iman (Kuala Terengganu)

Wilayah Persekutuan

1.  Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur
2.  Wilayah Persekutuan Labuan
3.  Wilayah Persekutuan Putrajaya

SUMBER: WIKIPEDIA

FASHION

                                                           FASHION

       Fashion, a general term for a currently popular style or practice, especially in clothing, foot wear or accessories.Fashion references to anything that is the current trend in look and dress up of a person. The more technical term, costume, has become so linked in the public eye with the term "fashion" that the more general term "costume" has in popular use mostly been relegated to special senses like fancy dress or masquerade wear, while the term "fashion" means clothing generally, and the study of it. For a broad cross-cultural look at clothing and its place in society, refer to the entries for clothing, costume and fabrics. The remainder of this article deals with clothing fashions in the Western world.

       Early Western travelers, whether to Persia, Turkey or China frequently remark on the absence of changes in fashion there, and observers from these other cultures comment on the unseemly pace of Western fashion, which many felt suggested an instability and lack of order in Western culture .The Japanese Shogun's secretary boasted to a Spanish visitor in 1609 that Japanese clothing had not changed in over a thousand years. However in Ming China for example, there is considerable evidence for rapidly changing fashions in Chinese clothing .Changes in costume often took place at times of economic or social change such as in ancient Rome and the medieval Caliphate, but then a long period without major changes followed. This occurred in Moorish Spain from the 8th century, when the famous musician Ziryab introduced sophisticated clothing-styles based on seasonal and daily timings from his native Baghdad and his own inspiration to Córdoba in Al-Andalus ,Similar changes in fashion occurred in the Middle East from the 11th century, following the arrival of the Turks, who introduced clothing styles from Central Asia  and the Far East.

      The beginnings of the habit in Europe of continual and increasingly rapid change in clothing styles can be fairly reliably dated to the middle of the 14th century, to which historians including James Laver and Fernand Braudel date the start of Western fashion in clothing.The most dramatic manifestation was a sudden drastic shortening and tightening of the male over-garment, from calf-length to barely covering the buttocks, sometimes accompanied with stuffing on the chest to look bigger. This created the distinctive Western male outline of a tailored top worn over leggings or trousers.

     The pace of change accelerated considerably in the following century, and women and men's fashion, especially in the dressing and adorning of the hair, became equally complex and changing. Art historians are therefore able to use fashion in dating images with increasing confidence and precision, often within five years in the case of 15th century images. Initially changes in fashion led to a fragmentation of what had previously been very similar styles of dressing across the upper classes of Europe, and the development of distinctive national styles. These remained very different until a counter-movement in the 17th to 18th centuries imposed similar styles once again, mostly originating from Ancien Régime France. Though the rich usually led fashion, the increasing affluence of early modern Europe led to the bourgeoisie and even peasants following trends at a distance sometimes uncomfortably close for the elites,a factTen 16th century portraits of German or Italian gentlemen may show ten entirely different hats, and at this period national differences were at their most pronounced, as Albrecht Dürer recorded in his actual or composite contrast of Nuremberg and Venetian fashions at the close of the 15th century .The "Spanish style" of the end of the century began the move back to synchronicity among upper-class Europeans, and after a struggle in the mid 17th century, French styles decisively took over leadership, a process completed in the 18th century.

LONDON

                                                    LONDON

      London is the capital of England and the United Kingdom, the largest metropolitan area in the United Kingdom and the largest urban zone in the European Union by most measures.London has been a major settlement for two millennia, its history going back to its founding by the Romans, who called it Londinium.London's ancient core, the City of London, largely retains its square-mile mediaeval boundaries. Since at least the 19th century, the name London has also referred to the metropolis developed around this core.The bulk of this conurbation forms the London region and the Greater London administrative area,governed by the elected Mayor of London and the London Assembly.

      London is a leading global city, with strengths in the arts, commerce, education, entertainment, fashion, finance, healthcare, media, professional services, research and development, tourism and transport all contributing to its prominence. It is the world's largest financial centre alongside New York, has the largest city GDP in Europe and is home to the headquarters of more than 100 of Europe's 500 largest companies. It has the most international visitors of any city in the world. London Heathrow is the world's busiest airport by number of international passengers .London's 43 universities form the largest concentration of higher education institutions in Europe.In 2012 London will become the first city to host the Summer Olympics three times.

      London has a diverse range of peoples, cultures and religions, and more than 300 languages are spoken within its boundaries. In July 2007 it had an official population of 7,556,900 within the boundaries of Greater London, making it the most populous municipality in the European Union. The Greater London Urban Area is the second largest in the EU with a population of 8,278,251,while London's metropolitan area is the largest in the EU with an estimated total population of between 12 million and 14 million.

      London contains four World Heritage Sites the Tower of London, Kew Gardens, the site comprising the Palace of Westminster, Westminster Abbey and St. Margaret's Church and the historic settlement of Greenwich and GMT Other famous landmarks include Buckingham Palace, the London Eye, Piccadilly Circus, 30 St Mary Axe , St Paul's Cathedral, Tower Bridge and Trafalgar Square. London is home to numerous museums, galleries, libraries, sporting events and other cultural institutions including the British Museum, National Gallery, British Library, Wimbledon and 40 theatres. London's Chinatown is the largest in Europe. The London Underground network is the oldest underground railway network in the world and the most extensive after the Shanghai Metro.

PARIS

                                                                          PARIS

      Paris is the capital and largest city in France, situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France.The city of Paris, within its administrative limits largely unchanged since 1860, has an estimated population of 2,193,031  but the Paris metropolitan area has a population of 11,836,970  and is one of the most populated metropolitan areas in Europe.

      In 2009 and 2010 Paris was ranked among the three most important and influential cities in the world, among the first three "European cities of the future" ,according to research published by the Financial Times and among the top ten cities in the world in which to live according to the British review Monocle . An important settlement for more than two millennia, Paris is today one of the world's leading business and cultural centres, and its influences in politics, education, entertainment, media, fashion, science, and the arts all contribute to its status as one of the world's major global cities.Paris also ranks among the 10 greenest European cities in 2010^.

      Paris and the Paris Region, with €552.1  in 2009, produces more than a quarter of the gross domestic product of France.According to 2007 estimates, the Paris agglomeration is Europe's biggest city economy and the fifth largest in the world. The Paris Region hosts 37 of the Fortune Global 500 companies in several business districts, notably La Défense, the largest dedicated business district in Europe.Paris also hosts many international organizations such as UNESCO, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), the International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) and the informal Paris Club. According to the latest survey from Economist Intelligence Unit in 2010, Paris is the world's most expensive city in which to live.

      Paris and its region are the most popular tourist destination in the world, with 45 million tourists annually, 27 million of whom are foreign visitors. The city and region contain numerous iconic landmarks particularly the Eiffel Tower ,as well as world-famous institutions and popular parks.

      The earliest archaeological signs of permanent settlements in the Paris area date from around 4200 BC.The Parisii, a sub-tribe of the Celtic Senones, inhabited the area near the riverSeine from around 250 BC. The Romans conquered the Paris basin in 52 BC with a permanent settlement by the end of the same century on the Left Bank Sainte Geneviève Hill and the Île de la Cité. The Gallo-Roman town was originally called Lutetia, but later Gallicised to Lutèce. It expanded greatly over the following centuries, becoming a prosperous city with a forum, palaces, baths, temples, theatres, and an amphitheatre.